SOIL DEGRADATION OF IRRIGATED PLAINS OF DAGESTAN AND WAYS OUT OF THE SITUATION
https://doi.org/10.18470/1992-1098-2016-4-226-230
Abstract
Aim. The aim is to select the crops to reclaim the highly saline soils of the plains of Dagestan.
Materials and Methods. We made an analysis of the literature sources; applied the field experiment methods using standard techniques, instruments and equipment along with processing of experimental data and mathematical statistics methods.
Results. According to the results of the research held in agricultural production cooperative "Novaya Zhizn" of Kazbekski district, wheatgrass (Elytrigia elongata) formed higher rates of leaf area, photosynthetic potential of crops and net photosynthetic productivity. In the year of planting alfalfa, the yield amounted to 11.8; 14.0 and 11.7 t / ha which is less than the Elytrigia elongata for 22.8; 7.8 and 15.4%. A similar situation occurred in the second and third years of growth of perennial grasses. On average, during the years of research, productivity of Elytrigia elongate was higher compared with alfalfa respectively by 36.8; 20.1 and 40.7%.
Conclusion. These studies indicate the effectiveness of growing Elytrigia elongata as a phytomeliorant on saline soils, as compared with alfalfa. Growing Elytrigia elongata on highly saline meadow soils is an effective technique to improve its structure.
About the Authors
M. R. Musaev
M.M. Dzhambulatov Dagestan State Agricultural University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Doctor of Biological Sciences, lead of the department of landscape architecture and inventories,
Makhachkala
Z. M. Musaeva
M.M. Dzhambulatov Dagestan State Agricultural University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, lecturer of the sub-department of landscape architecture and inventories,
180, M.Gadzhieva st., Makhachkala, 367023
A. A. Magomedova
M.M. Dzhambulatov Dagestan State Agricultural University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, associate professor at the sub-department of landscape architecture and inventories,
Makhachkala
References
1. Denisov Y.P., Upolovnikov D.A., Molchanova N.P., Suraev D.V. Perennial grasses as phytomeliorants. Izvestiya Orenburgskogo GAU [Izvestia Orenburg State Agrarian University]. 2015. no. 3(53), pp. 48-50. (In Russian)
2. Rackov A.Ju. Phytomelioration – fundamental means. Mezhdunarodnyi nauchno-issledovatel'skii zhurnal [International research journal]. 2016, no. 1(43). Part 2. pp. 107-108. (In Russian) DOI: 10.18454/IRJ.2016.43.107
3. Usmanov R.Z., Osipova S.V., Dzhalalova M.I., Babaeva M.A. The using of methods of phytoamelioration on the degraded pastures of Tersko-Kumskaya lowland. Yug Rossii: ekologiya, razvitie [South of Russia: ecology, development]. 2008, vol. 3, no. 3. pp. 126-129. (In Russian)
4. Gamidov I.R., Serderov V.K. Introduktsiya fitomeliorantov dlya uluchsheniya degradirovannykh pastbishch v aridnoi zone Zapadnogo Prikaspiya [Introduction fitomeliorantov for improving degraded pastures in the arid zone of the Western Caspian]. Materialy dokladov Mezhdunarodnoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii «Sovremennye dostizheniya nauki v ratsional'nom prirodopol'zovanii», Moskva, 2014 [Proceedings of the International scientific-practical conference "Modern scientific achievements in environmental management", Moscow, 2014]. Moscow, Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences Publ., 2014. pp. 56-59. (In Russian)
5. Kosolapov V.M., Shamsutdinov N.Z., Paramonov V.A., Kaminov Yu.B. Phytoamelioration of degraded pasture ecosystems by using innovative varieties of arid fodder plants. Vestnik Rossiiskoi akademii sel'skokhozyaistvennykh nauk [Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences]. 2014. no. 3, pp. 26-28.
6. Suyundukov Ya.T., Khasanova R.F., Salmanova E.F. Phytomeliorative way of remediation of soil properties of steppe ecosystems. Vestnik Orenburgskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta [Vestnik of the Orenburg State University]. 2014. no. 6 (167). pp. 144-147. (In Russian)
7. Turko S.Yu., Kulik A.K., Vlasenko M.V. Restoration of degraded pastures at light soils by the use of high-productive phytoameliorants. Vestnik Rossiiskoi akademii sel'skokhozyaistvennykh nauk [Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences]. 2014. no. 5, pp. 58-61. (In Russian)
8. Borodychev V.V., Dedova E.B., Chaplanova M.P. Productivity of solonchak wheat grass at salinization of soil. Vestnik Rossiiskoi akademii sel'skokhozyaistvennykh nauk [Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences]. 2014. no. 6, pp. 12-15. (In Russian)
9. Borodychev V.V., Kontorovich I.I., Mayer A.V., Lytov M.N. Scientific development of VNIIGiM''s Volgograd branch. Melioratsiya i vodnoe khozyaistvo [Irrigation and Water Management]. 2014. no. 5-6. pp.10-15. (In Russian)
10. Buravtsev V.N., Shamsutdinov N.C. History and main directions of phytomelioration work at VNIIGiM. Melioratsiya i vodnoe khozyaistvo [Irrigation and Water Management]. 2014. no. 5-6. pp.23-26. (In Russian)
11. Lozitsky A.Ya., Puchkov M.Yu., Lisakov M.A., Simanskova N.V., Yakovleva L.V. Psathyrostachys juncea in the desert agrophytocenoses of the Northwest Precaspian. Estestvennye nauki [Natural sciences]. 2014. no. 3(48), pp. 18-21. (In Russian) Mushaeva K.B. Efficiency phytomelioration pasture lands Black Kalmykia. Effektivnost' fitomelioratsii pastbishch na Chernykh zemlyakh Kalmykii [Proceedings of Nizhnevolzskiy agrouniversity complex: science and higher vocational education]. 2015. no. 1(37). pp. 84-88. (In Russian)
Review
For citations:
Musaev M.R., Musaeva Z.M., Magomedova A.A. SOIL DEGRADATION OF IRRIGATED PLAINS OF DAGESTAN AND WAYS OUT OF THE SITUATION. South of Russia: ecology, development. 2016;11(4):226-230. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18470/1992-1098-2016-4-226-230
Views:
4229
Email this article 
