FEATURES OF DEVELOPMENT OF SOME ORGANS OF AIRBREATHING CATFISH (CLARIIDAE) IN EARLY ONTOGENESIS

Aim. Airbreathing catfish (CLARIIDAE) - is one of the most promising specie of artificial breeding. However, for the reproduction of this specie it is required to conduct appropriate studies. In particular, it is necessary to review the features of morphogenesis during early ontogeny of this type of fish. We investigated prelarvae of airbreathing catfish (CLARIIBAE) in 2,3 and 4 days of life. In the embryos, the spinal cord was formed on the 2nd day of life. At this stage, organs of vision were sufficiently developed. On the 4th day, we found hyaline cartilage at the base of the gill arch, arcs were covered with gill filaments; we also discovered fully formed mesonephros, renal corpuscles, renal tubules and intratubular liquid in the kidneys. The heart of the embryo consisted of atrium and voluminous ventricle.

Methods. The research of development of airbreathing catfish in early ontogenesis has been carried out on the basis of "RENTOP Agro-5" Ltd. under the conditions of RAS in the Krasnodar region in the spring – summer period of years 2013-14. For morphological analysis we used serial histological sections on prelarvae of 40 airbreathing catfish at age 2, 3 and 4 days developing normally and atypically. The research combines some complex biological methods: ichthyologic, histological, physiological. Materials for the research were handled with the methods of classical histology. Viewing and imaging of the sections were made using Mikmed 6 microscope with a digital camera for imaging and computer analysis.

Results. The finding of the study has been the analysis of the morphological structure of airbreathing catfish during early ontogeny, which can contribute to improving the biotechnology of breeding of airbreathing catfish under RAS.

Main conclusions. First, in the early ontogenesis of airbreathing catfish we have discovered heterochrony in the development of basic systems: rapidly developing central nervous system and the digestive system, cardiovascular system, respiratory and urogenital systems are formed more slowly. Second, we have revealed pathological abnormalities in the structure of the developing mesonephros which is the evidence of the need to adjust the breeding conditions.

1. Mehrdad Fattalahi. The weight and linear growth of the American catfish (Clarias Gahepinus burchell) depending on environmental factors and quality of food. Rybovodstvo i rybnoe khozyaistvo [Fish farming and fisheries]. Moscow, 2008, no. 1, pp. 42-54. (In Russian)

2. Sklyarov V.Ya. Current state and prospects of development of an aquaculture of the South of Russia. Rybovodstvo i rybnoe khozyaistvo [Fish farming and fisheries]. Moscow, 2014, no. 5, pp 3-8. (In Russian)

3. Slapoguzova Z.V, Shinkarev S.M, Aksenov A.V American catfish - a promising aquaculture species. Rybovodstvo i rybnoe khozyaistvo [Fish farming and fisheries]. Moscow, 2011, no. 11, pp. 38-42. (In Russian)

4. Volkova O.V., Eletskiy J.K . Rybovodstvo i rybnoe khozyaistvo [Fundamentals of histology with histological techniques]. Moscow, Medicine Publ., 1989, 234 p. (In Russian)

5. Vlasov V.A., Nikiforov A.I., Fattalakhi M. Rost klarievogo soma (Clarias gariepinus) v UZV i ego morfologicheskie kachestva [Growth of airbreathing catfish (Clarias gariepinus) in the ultrasound and its morphological qualities]. Materialy 3 Mezhdunarodnoi nauchno - prakticheskoi konferentsii «Chelovek i zhivotnye» [Materials 3 International scientifically the practical conference "Person and Animals"]. Astrakhan, 2005, pp.89-91. (In Russian)

6. Chebasov L.V., Poduhika S.B. Afrikan catfish on personal plots. Rybovodstvo i rybolovstvo [Fish farming and fisheries]. Moscow, 2001, no. 2, pp. 40. (In Russian)

7. Abdurakhmanov G.M, Zaitsev V.F, Lozhnichenko O.V, Fedorova N.N, Tikhonov E.Y, Lepilina I.N. Razvitie zhiznenno vazhnykh organov osetrovykh v rannem ontogeneze. Prikaspiiskii institut biologicheskikh resursov DNTs RAN [The development of vital organs of sturgeon in early ontogeny. Caspian Institute of biol. resources DSC RAS]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 2006, 220 p. (In Russian)

8. Kruchkov V.N., Abdurakhmanov G.M., Fedorova N.N. Morfologiya organov i tkanei vodnykh zhivotnykh [Morphology of bodies and tissues of water animals]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 2004, 144 p. (Iin Russian)

9. Baron V.D., Eagles A.A., Ampere-second Stuffed cabbage. African som. New group slaboelektricheskikh of fishes. Izvestiya RAN [News of the Russian Academy of Sciences]. 1996, no.1, pp.106-111. (In Russian)

10. Vlasov V.A. Cultivation of klariyevy som (Clarias gariepinus burchell) at various conditions of keeping and feedings. Rybovodstvo i rybnoe khozyaistvo [Fish farming and fisheries]. Moscow, 2014, no. 5, pp. 23-31. (In Russian)