Изучение концентраций приземного озона в воздухе промышленного российского города

Целью настоящей работы был анализ сезонных изменений концентраций приземного озона (ПО), изучение случаев превышения предельно допустимых концентраций (ПДК), эпизодов экстремально высоких концентраций (ЭВКО) и ночных повышений содержания озона (НПСО) для предложения механизмов описанных явлений и эффективных стратегий достижения установленных нормативов. В ходе работы были изучены концентрации приземного озона и его предиктов на посту государственного мониторинга состояния атмосферного воздуха в течение 2019–2021 гг. в городе Челябинске. Согласно результатам исследований, было выявлено, что концентрация ПО на территории города Челябинска начинает увеличиваться в марте и остается высокой в течение лета. Концентрация ПО складывается из нескольких составляющих: (1) поступающего из нижней стратосферы и верхних слоев тропосферы в результате стратосферных вторжений (СВ), которые увеличиваются в летний период; (2) фотохимически образующегося с максимумом в июне, при этом рассчитанное на основании данных наземного мониторинга соотношения HCHO/NO_х не может быть использовано в качестве надежного индикатора режима образования ПО; и (3) поступающего с низкоуровневыми мезоструйными течениями (НУМСТ), частота возникновения которых увеличивается в ночной период весной и летом, о чем свидетельствует высокая повторяемость НПСО.

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