Feeding ecology and epizootological value of the Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) during the secondary expansion of the Baikal region
E. N. Yelayev,
Ts. Z. Dorzhiev,
A. A. Ananin,
S. V. Pyzhyanov,
G. A. Yankus,
E. N. Badmaeva,
M. S. Mokridina,
L. D. Bazarov https://doi.org/10.18470/1992-1098-2021-4-47-55
Abstract
Aim. To research the Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo L., 1758) ecology during the secondary expansion of the Baikal region.
Material and Methods. The material for studying cormorant nutrition was 28 stomachs of harvested birds, visual observations of feeding cormorants using optical equipment, as well as regurgitated burps of nutrition obtained by a bloodless method when being fed to chicks. 21 examples of cormorants were the subjects of the parasitological research.
Results. The number of the species has been growing since the beginning of the XXI century and, starting from 2020/21, is likely to stabilize, remaining at a high level. This indicates the gradual integration of the species into the Baikal Lake ecosystem. The main food item of Cormorants are the non‐commercial fish, Sleeper (Percottus glehni Dyb.), Perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) and Roach (Rutilus rutilus L.). Parasitological studies have revealed 8 species of helminths from three classes with varying degrees of invasion. Only one of them, Contracaecum osculatum baicalensis (Mosgovoy et Ryjikov, 1950), is endemic and potentially dangerous to human health (its infection rate can reach 80%).
Conclusion. The Great Cormorant is an obligate, but not a specialized ichthyophage, focused on the prevailing fish species. Great Cormorants as hosts of ticks, helminths and other ecto‐ and endoparasites are potentially sources of threat to the occurrence and spread, primarily, of ornithoses and helminthiasis in the Baikal region and possibly of other diseases carried from their wintering places.
Supporting agencies: The work was carried out within the framework of the State Contract No 00061 «Conducting scientific research aimed at generating information justifying the expediency of regulating the number of wildlife objects (Great Cormorant) on the territory of the Republic of Buryatia» and with partial financial support from an innovative scientific research Grant of Buryat State University in 2021 (No 21‐06‐0502).
About the Authors
E. N. Yelayev
Banzarov Buryat State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Erdeni N. Yelayev, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Department of Zoology and Ecology
24a, Smolin st., Ulan‐Ude, 670000
Tel. +79021689320
Ts. Z. Dorzhiev
Banzarov Buryat State University; Institute of General and Experimental Biology, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Tsydypzhap Z. Dorzhiev
Ulan‐Ude
A. A. Ananin
Institute of General and Experimental Biology, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences; United Directorate of the Barguzin State Natural Biosphere Reserve and the Trans‐Baikal Zapovednoe Podlemorye National Park
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Alexander A. Ananin
Ulan‐Ude
Ust‐Barguzin
S. V. Pyzhyanov
Irkutsk State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Sergey V. Pyzhyanov
Irkutsk
G. A. Yankus
United Directorate of the Barguzin State Natural Biosphere Reserve and the Trans‐Baikal Zapovednoe Podlemorye National Park
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Gennady A. Yankus
Ust‐Barguzin
E. N. Badmaeva
Banzarov Buryat State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Evgeniya N. Badmaeva
Ulan‐Ude
M. S. Mokridina
Irkutsk State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Maria S. Mokridina
Irkutsk
L. D. Bazarov
TunkinskyNational Park
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Lopson D. Bazarov
Kyren
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For citations:
Yelayev E.N., Dorzhiev Ts.Z., Ananin A.A., Pyzhyanov S.V., Yankus G.A., Badmaeva E.N., Mokridina M.S., Bazarov L.D. Feeding ecology and epizootological value of the Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) during the secondary expansion of the Baikal region. South of Russia: ecology, development. 2021;16(4):47‐55. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18470/1992-1098-2021-4-47-55
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