FEATURES OF MIGRATION OF HEAVY METALS IN THE NORTHERN CASPIAN ECOSYSTEM
https://doi.org/10.18470/1992-1098-2013-3-110-116
Abstract
Abstract. Aim. Study of the forms of migration of heavy metals in water of the Northern part of the Caspian Sea, the characteristics of their accumulation in sediments and fish fauna are presented.
Methods. The western part of the North Caspian Sea is investigated in 2002–2009. Complex of sampling, transportation, storage and handling of samples was carried out in accordance with the regulations and methods of measurement.
Results. The main share of elements in sea water was transferred as a part of suspended particles. Most often ionic forms of migration of metals dominated over weighed in the central part of a shallow zone of pre-mouth of Volga River. The greatest number of cases of excess was recorded by metals of maximum-permissible concentration in the central part of the studied water area with depths from 5 m to 10 m. It is established that the index of impurity of waters of the changed in the range from 0,2 (waters alone) to 3,4 (the polluted waters). The surface water of the water area is located in the western part of the studied area. The greatest coefficients of ground accumulation (CGA) are characteristic for iron and the manganese, the least for Zincum. The western part of the studied water area belongs to areas with the greatest values of CGA of metals in the north part of the Caspian Sea: zone near Island Chechen and the region of Volga-Caspian Channel. Cases of excess of the admissible residual concentration for lead and cadmium are noted in Neogobius fluviatilis and sprat ordinary practically in 50 % of cases, and in 35 % in Rutilus caspicus. Most often all studied hydrobionts containing metals in concentration above admissible residual concentration were met in zone before mouth of Volga River.
Main conclusions. The main form of migration of heavy metals in the water of the north part of the Caspian Sea is suspension. The largest accumulation of heavy metals was found in the sediments of the western part of the area. The content of heavy metals in fish reflects their accumulation in sediments.
About the Authors
Е. V. Chujko
«SevKasptekhmordirektsiya»
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
A. S. Аbdusamadov
Dagestans Branch of «KaspNIRKH»
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
References
1. Будников Г.К. 1998. Тяжелые металлы в экологическом мониторинге водных систем.Соросовский образовательный журнал. Биология. 5: 23–29. Budnikov G.K. 1998. Tyazhelye metally v ekologicheskom monitoringe vodnykh sistem. [Heavy metals in ecological monitoring of water systems]. Sorosovskiy obrazovatel'nyy zhurnal. Biologiya. 5: 23–29 (in Russian).
2. Бухарицин П.И., Аксенов В.Ф. 2008. Влияние гидрологического режима на биологическую продуктивность водоемов аридной зоны. В кн.: Проблемы и перспективы современной науки. Сборник научных трудов. Вып. 2. Томск: 113–117. Buharitsin P.I. Aksenov V.F. 2008. The influence of hydrological regime on biological productivity of reservoirs in arid zone. In: Problemy i perspektivy sovremennoy nauki. Sbornik nauchnykh trudov [Issues and Perspectives in Contemporary Science]. Iss. 2. Tomsk: 113–117 (in Russian).
3. Веницианов Е.В., Лепихин А.П. 2002. Физико-химические основы моделирования миграции и трансформации тяжелых металлов в природных водах. Екатеринбург: Изд-во РосНИИВХ. 236 с. Venitsianov E.V., Lepikhin A.P. 2002. Fiziko-khimicheskie osnovy modelirovaniya migratsii i transformatsii tyazhelykh metallov v prirodnykh vodakh [Physical and chemical bases of modeling of migration and transformation of heavy metals in natural waters]. Ekaterinburg: RosNIIVH Publ. 236 p. (in Russian).
4. Гордеев В.В., Лисицын А.П. 1979. Микроэлементы. В кн.: Химия океана. Т. 1. М.: Наука: 337–375. Gordeev V.V., Lisitsyn А.P. 1979. Microelements. In: Khimiya okeana [Ocean Chemistry]. Vol. 1. Moscow: Nauka: 337–375 (in Russian).
5. Лисицин А.П. 2008. Маргинальные фильтры и биофильтры мирового океана. В кн.: Океанология на старте XXI века. М.: Наука: 159–224. Lisitsyn А.P. 2008. Marginal filters and biofilters of the world ocean. In: Okeanologiya na starte 21 veka [Oceanography at the start of the 21st Century]. Moscow: Nauka: 159–224 (in Russian).
6. Морозов Н.П. 1979. О соотношении форм миграции микроэлементов в водах рек, заливов, морей и океанов. Геохимия. 8: 1259–1263. Morozov N.P. 1979. On the relation between migration forms of trace elements in the waters of the rivers, bays, seas and oceans. Geokhimiya. 8: 1259–1263 (in Russian).
7. Мур Дж.В., Рамамурти С.М. 1987. Тяжелые металлы в природных водах. Контроль и оценка влияния. М.: Мир. 288 с. Mur Dzh.V., Ramamurti S.M. 1987. Tyazhelye metally v prirodnykh vodakh. Kontrol' i otsenka vliyaniya[Heavy metals in natural waters. Monitoring and assessment of impact]. Moscow: Mir. 288 р. (in Russian).
8. Папина Т.С. 2001. Транспорт и особенности распределения тяжелых металлов в ряду: вода – взвешенное вещество – донные отложения речных экосистем. Аналитический обзор. Новосибирск. 58 с. Papina T.S. 2001. Transport i osobennosti raspredeleniya tyazhelykh metallov v ryadu: voda – vzveshennoe veshchestvo – donnye otlozheniya rechnykh ekosistem. Analiticheskiy obzor [Transport and features of distribution of heavy metals in the series: water – suspended matter – bottom sediments of the river ecosystems. Analytical review]. Novosibirsk. 58 р. (in Russian).
9. Перевозников М.А., Богданова Е.А. 1999. Тяжелые металлы в пресноводных экосистемах. СПб.:ГосНИОРХ. 228 с. Perevoznikov M.А., Bogdanova E.А. 1999. Tyazhelye metally v presnovodnykh ekosistemakh [Heavy metals in freshwater ecosystems. Saintt-Petersburg: GosNIORKh. 228 р. (in Russian).
10. Спозито Г. 1993. Распределение потенциально опасных следовых металлов. В кн.: Некоторые вопросы токсичности ионов металлов. М.: Мир: 9–24. Spozito G. 1993. Distribution of potentially dangerous trace metals. In: Nekotorye voprosy toksichnosti ionov metallov [Some questions about toxicity of metal ions]. Moscow: Mir: 9–24 (in Russian).
11. Хрипунов И.А., Катунин Д.Н., Азаренко А.В. 2010. Многолетние изменения гранулометрического состава и пространственного распределения донных отложений Северного Каспия. Водные ресурсы. 37(6): 709–716. Khripunov I.А., Katunin D.N., Аzarenko А.V. 2010. Long-term changes in particle size and spatial distribution of bottom sediments of the north part of the Caspian Sea. Vodnye resursy [= Water Resources]. 37(6): 709–716 (in Russian).
Review
For citations:
Chujko Е.V., Аbdusamadov A.S. FEATURES OF MIGRATION OF HEAVY METALS IN THE NORTHERN CASPIAN ECOSYSTEM. South of Russia: ecology, development. 2013;8(3):110-116. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18470/1992-1098-2013-3-110-116
Views:
1050
Email this article 
