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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ecodag</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Юг России: экология, развитие</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>South of Russia: ecology, development</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1992-1098</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-0958</issn><publisher><publisher-name>State Institute of Applied Ecology of the Republic of Dagestan</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18470/1992-1098-2026-1-5</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ecodag-3643</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ECOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Популяционный состав эритроцитов как индикатор адаптации зимоспящего млекопитающего к неблагоприятным факторам окружающей среды</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The population composition of erythrocytes as an indicator of adaptation of a hibernating mammal to unfavourable environmental factors</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3272-1712</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саидов</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saidov</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Магомедрасул Б. Саидов - кандидат биологических наук, доцент, кафедра биохимии и биофизики</p><p>367000 Махачкала, ул. М. Гаджиева, 43а. Тел. +79288004351</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Magomedrasul B. Saidov - Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Biology</p><p>43a M. Gadzhieva St, Makhachkala, 367000. Tel. +79288004351</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">smagras@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7744-859X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Джафарова</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dzhafarova</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Альбина М. Джафарова</p><p>Махачкала</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Albina M. Dzhafarova</p><p>Makhachkala</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4410-8923</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахмедов</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhmedov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ислам А. Ахмедов</p><p>Махачкала</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Islam A. Akhmedov</p><p>Makhachkala</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Дагестанский государственный университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Dagestan State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Дагестанский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Dagestan State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>1</issue><elocation-id>47‐55</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Саидов М.Б., Джафарова А.М., Ахмедов И.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Саидов М.Б., Джафарова А.М., Ахмедов И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Saidov M.B., Dzhafarova A.M., Akhmedov I.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ecodag.elpub.ru/ugro/article/view/3643">https://ecodag.elpub.ru/ugro/article/view/3643</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью является исследование популяционного состава эритроцитов крови сусликов в период глубокой спячки и на разных этапах согревания при индуцированном пробуждении.</p><p>Исследования были выполнены на малых сусликах Spermophilus pygmaeus Pall. Для эксперимента использовали бодрствующих животных (контроль), находящихся в середине баута глубокой спячки и на различных этапах индуцированного пробуждения (с температурой тела 15 °С, 25 °С, 37 °С). Для оценки популяционного состава эритроцитов применили метод кислотных эритрограмм.</p><p>В период гибернации зафиксировано увеличение количества эритроцитов, претерпевших сфероцитарную трансформацию с одновременным ростом доли высокостойких и сверхвысокостойких клеток. Пробуждение и повышение температуры тела сусликов до 15°С способствует снижению содержания эритроцитов с низкой и средней устойчивостью по сравнению с состоянием бодрствования. Согревание сусликов до 25 °С характеризуется более высоким, по сравнению со всеми состояниями животных, содержанием подвергшихся сферуляции и пониженностойких эритроцитов. При этом популяция высокорезистентных эритроцитов, напротив, демонстрирует значительное снижение относительно предыдущих этапов исследования. Уровень сверхвысокорезистентных клеток остается достаточно высоким по сравнению с зимним контролем. Достижение температуры тела животного 37 °С не приводит к полной нормализации популяционного состава эритроцитов. В цикле спячка‐пробуждение популяционный состав эритроцитов претерпевает значительные изменения, которые могут быть обусловлены как изменениями в системе эритрона, так и структурными модификациями эритроцитарных мембран, меняющими их чувствительность к гемолитикам.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This study aimed to investigate the population composition of erythrocytes in ground squirrels during deep hibernation and at various stages of rewarming upon induced arousal.</p><p>The study was conducted on little ground squirrels (Spermophilus pygmaeus Pall.). Experiments were performed on awake animals (control), animals in the middle of a deep hibernation bout, and in various stages of induced arousal (with body temperatures of 15 °C, 25 °C, and 37 °C). The population composition of erythrocytes was assessed using the acid erythrogram method.</p><p>During hibernation, an increase was observed in the number of erythrocytes undergoing spherocytic transformation, accompanied by a rise in the proportion of highly‐resistant and ultra‐highly resistant cells. Arousal and an increase in body temperature to 15 °C led to a decrease in the proportion of erythrocytes with low and medium resistance compared to the arousal state. Rewarming of ground squirrels to 25 °C was characterised by a higher content of spherulated and low‐resistance erythrocytes compared to all other states. Conversely, the population of highly resistant erythrocytes showed a significant decrease relative to the previous stages of the study. The level of ultra‐highly resistant cells remained relatively high compared to the winter control. Achieving a body temperature of 37 °C did not result in complete normalisation of the erythrocyte population composition.</p><p>During the hibernation–arousal cycle, the population composition of erythrocytes undergoes significant changes. These may be attributed both to alterations within the erythron system and to structural modifications of erythrocyte membranes, which change their sensitivity to hemolytic agents.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Малый суслик</kwd><kwd>зимняя спячка</kwd><kwd>популяции эритроцитов</kwd><kwd>самосогревание</kwd><kwd>гемолиз</kwd><kwd>эритрограмма</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Little ground squirrel</kwd><kwd>hibernation</kwd><kwd>erythrocyte populations</kwd><kwd>self‐warming</kwd><kwd>hemolysis</kwd><kwd>erythrogram</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Giroud S., Yamaguchi Y., Terrien J., Henning R.H. Editorial: Torpor and hibernation: metabolic and physiological paradigms // Front Physiol. 2024. 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