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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ecodag</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Юг России: экология, развитие</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>South of Russia: ecology, development</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1992-1098</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-0958</issn><publisher><publisher-name>State Institute of Applied Ecology of the Republic of Dagestan</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18470/1992-1098-2025-4-5</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ecodag-3572</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БОТАНИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BOTANY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Изучение внутрипопуляционной изменчивости  семян Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Study of intrapopulation variability of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn seeds</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6235-3248</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мамалиева</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mamalieva</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Маина М. Мамалиева, младший научный сотрудник, лаборатория фитохимии и медицинской ботаники</p><p>365000 Россия, г. Махачкала, ул. Ярагского, 75</p><p>Тел. +79298671009 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maina M. Mamalieva, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Medical Botany</p><p>75 Yaragsky St, Makhachkala, 365000</p><p>Tel. +79288334151</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mamalieva19@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8977-4728</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алибегова</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alibegova</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Асият Н. Алибегова</p><p>Махачкала</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Asiyat N. Alibegova</p><p>Makhachkala</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3018-9097</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солтанмурадова</surname><given-names>З. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Soltanmuradova</surname><given-names>Z. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зарема И. Солтанмурадова</p><p>Махачкала</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zarema I. Soltanmuradova</p><p>Makhachkala</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Горный ботанический сад Дагестанского федерального исследовательского центра РАН</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Mountain Botanical Garden, Dagestan Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Дагестанский государственный университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Dagestan State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>4</issue><elocation-id>57‐64</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мамалиева М.М., Алибегова А.Н., Солтанмурадова З.И., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мамалиева М.М., Алибегова А.Н., Солтанмурадова З.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mamalieva M.M., Alibegova A.N., Soltanmuradova Z.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ecodag.elpub.ru/ugro/article/view/3572">https://ecodag.elpub.ru/ugro/article/view/3572</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель – сравнительное изучение особенностей семян (Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn), произрастающих в природных условиях, и оценка влияния фенотипа и года произрастания на качество семян. </p><p>Исследования проведены путем измерений морфометрических признаков (длина, ширина, толщина семени) и весовых признаков (масса 1 семени, масса тысячи семян) образцов расторопши пятнистой, собранных в фазу полного созревания корзинок в течение нескольких лет (2015–2018 гг.) в природной популяции. </p><p>По результатам изучения морфологических признаков семян образцов расторопши пятнистой выявлены различия по фенотипам в разные годы. Наибольший размах значений отмечается по ширине, толщине и массе 1 семени, что связано с выполненностью семян. </p><p>Выявлена внутрипопуляционная изменчивость изучаемых параметров, обусловленная влиянием фенотипа семян по окраске семенных оболочек и года сбора образцов, и динамика массы 1000 семян в зависимости от учитываемых факторов. Результаты исследования имеют важное значение для понимания биоморфологических особенностей вида S. marianum, а также для решения вопросов семеноводства лекарственных растений.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of this study was to comparatively examine the characteristics of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn seeds grown in natural conditions and to assess the influence of phenotype and year of growth on seed quality.</p><p>The study was conducted by measuring morphometric traits (seed length, width, and thickness) and weight traits (seed weight, thousand‐seed weight) of natural milk thistle accessions collected at the full‐maturity stage of their heads over several years (2015–2018) in a natural population.</p><p>A study of the morphological traits of milk thistle accessions revealed phenotypic differences between years. The greatest differences were observed in seed width, thickness, and seed weight, which are related to seed fullness.</p><p>Intrapopulation variability in the studied parameters was identified, driven by the influence of seed coat color and year of sample collection. The dynamics of 1,000‐seed weight were also determined depending on the factors considered. The study's results are important for understanding the biomorphological characteristics of S. marianum, as well as for addressing issues in medicinal plant seed production. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn L</kwd><kwd>плоды</kwd><kwd>семена</kwd><kwd>фенотипы</kwd><kwd>размеры семян</kwd><kwd>масса семян</kwd><kwd>изменчивость</kwd><kwd>морфологические признаки</kwd><kwd>природные образцы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Silybum marianum (L.)</kwd><kwd>fruits</kwd><kwd>seeds</kwd><kwd>phenotypes</kwd><kwd>seed sizes</kwd><kwd>seed weight</kwd><kwd>variability</kwd><kwd>morphological features</kwd><kwd>natural samples</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. Ивановский В.В. Биологическое разнообразие. Витебск: Витебский государственный университет имени П.М. Машерова, 2012. 150 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ivanovskii V.V. Biologicheskoe raznoobrazie [Biological diversity]. Vitebsk, Vitebsk State University named after P.M. Masherov Publ., 2012, 150 p. 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