ecodagЮг России: экология, развитиеSouth of Russia: ecology, development1992-10982413-0958State Institute of Applied Ecology of the Republic of Dagestan10.18470/1992-1098-2025-1-3ecodag-3363Research ArticleЭНТОМОЛОГИЯENTOMOLOGYК вопросу о межвидовой гибридизации инвазивных видов Aedes aegypti и Ae. albopictusOn the intraspecific hybridization of two invasive mosquito species Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictushttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9279-4386ОюнН. Ю.OyunN. Yu.

Оюн Надежда Ю. - кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник, Институт медицинской паразитологии, тропических и трансмиссивных заболеваний им. Е.И. Марциновского ПМГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова; ФГБУ «Центр стратегического планирования и управления медико-биологическими рисками здоровью» ФМБА; кафедра энтомологии МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова

119435 Москва, ул. Малая Пироговская, 20

Тел. +79647790239

Nadezhda Yu. Oyun - PhD, Senior Researcher, Martsynovski Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector‐Borne Diseases, Sechenov University.

20 Malaya Pirogovskaya St, Moscow, 119435

Tel. +79647790239

nad_oyun@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3668-6601ШипулинГ. А.ShipulinG. A.

Шипулин Герман А. 

Москва

German A. Shipulin.

Moscow

Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова; ФГБУ «Центр стратегического планирования и управления медико-биологическими рисками здоровью» Федерального медико‐биологического агентства; Московский государственный университет имени М.В. ЛомоносоваMartsynovski Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector‐Borne Diseases, Sechenov University; Federal State Budgetary Institution «Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks»; Entomology Department, Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityФГБУ «Центр стратегического планирования и управления медико‐биологическими рисками здоровью» Федерального медико‐биологического агентстваFederal State Budgetary Institution «Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks»2025220420252012435Copyright © Оюн Н.Ю., Шипулин Г.А., 20252025Оюн Н.Ю., Шипулин Г.А.Oyun N.Y., Shipulin G.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://ecodag.elpub.ru/ugro/article/view/3363

Цель – обобщение результатов исследований, посвященных проблеме межвидовой гибридизации кровососущих комаров Ae. aegypti, Ae. albopictus и вероятных последствий данного явления. В обзоре рассмотрены направленность процесса гибридизации, механизмы посткопулятивной изоляции, вопрос выживаемости гибридов, а также влияние межвидовой гибридизации на представленность переносчиков в зоне симпатрии.

Изучение межвидовой гибридизации комаров Aedes aegypti, Ae. albopictus началось в первой половине XX века. В результате спаривания Ae. aegypti с Ae. albopictus самки обоих видов откладывают нежизнеспособные яйца. Спаривание девственных самок Ae. aegypti с самцами Ae. albopictus стерилизует самок посредством белков придаточных желез самца, но обратное межвидовое скрещивание не влияет на фертильность самок Ae. albopictus. Данное явление получило название сатиризации (репродуктивного вмешательства). Эффект сатира вызывает ассимметричные параметры популяции Aedes aegypti, что может привести к уменьшению популяции или исчезновению вида на данной территории. Однако, в ходе длительного взаимодействия в зоне симпатрии самки Ae. aegypti становятся резистентными к сатиризации.

Сатиризация является наиболее вероятной причиной конкурентных вытеснений местных комаров инвазивными видами, особенно Ae. albopictus. Даже низкие уровни асимметричного вмешательства в спаривание способны вызывать конкурентное вытеснение вида или сокращение его популяции. Популяции Ae. aegypti, подвергшиеся сатиризации, быстро вырабатывают устойчивость к межвидовому спариванию, что частично снимает отрицательное действие репродуктивного вмешательства и способствует сосуществованию с Ae. albopictus. Комары Ae. albopictus способны сатиризировать самок других видов, что может привести к конкурентным смещениям и возможным вымираниям, особенно эндемичных видов. Таким образом, успешная сатиризация способствует экологическому успеху инвазивного вида Ae. albopictus.

Aim. To summarise the results of studies of the problem of interspecific hybridization of blood‐sucking mosquitoes Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus and probable consequences of this phenomenon. The review considers the direction of the hybridization process, mechanisms of postcopulatory isolation, hybrid survival and the effect of interspecific hybridisation on the representation of vectors in the sympatry zone.

The study of interspecific hybridization of mosquitoes Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus began in the first half of the 20th century. As a result of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus mating, females of both species lay nonviable eggs. Mating of virgin females of Ae. aegypti with males of Ae. albopictus sterilizes females by means of proteins of accessory glands of the male, but the reverse interspecific crossing does not affect the fertility of females of Ae. albopictus. This phenomenon is called satyrization (reproductive interference). The satyr effect causes asymmetric parameters of the Ae. aegypti population, which can lead to a decrease in the population or extinction of the species in a given territory. However, during long‐term interaction in the sympatry zone, females of Ae. aegypti become resistant to satyrization.

Satyrization is the most likely cause of competitive displacement of native mosquitoes by invasive species, especially Ae. albopictus. Even low levels of asymmetric mating interference can cause competitive displacement of a species or its population decline. Satyrized Ae. aegypti populations quickly develop resistance to interspecific mating, which partially offsets the negative effects of reproductive interference and facilitates coexistence with Ae. albopictus. Ae. albopictus mosquitoes are capable of satyrizing females of other species, which can lead to competitive displacement and possible extinctions, especially of endemic species. Thus, successful satyrization contributes to the ecological success of the invasive Ae. albopictus.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.