ecodagЮг России: экология, развитиеSouth of Russia: ecology, development1992-10982413-0958State Institute of Applied Ecology of the Republic of Dagestan10.18470/1992-1098-2024-3-13ecodag-3230Research ArticleБИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ РЕСУРСЫBIOLOGICAL RESOURCESСегетальные растения агроландшафтов Юга Нечерноземной зоны как источник биоресурсовSegetal plants of agricultural landscapes of the Southern Non‐Chernozem zone as a source of biological resourceshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3306-7792НикольскийА. Н.NikolskiiA. N.

Александр Н. Никольский, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, старший научный сотрудник, кафедра агрономии и ландшафтной архитектуры

430005, г. Саранск, ул. Большевистская, д. 68. Тел. +79648528268

Aleksandr N. Nikolskii, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Senior Researcher, Department of Agronomy and Landscape Architecture

68 Bolshevistskaya St, Saransk, Republic of Mordovia, 430005. Теl. +79648528268

alnik1986@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4530-0608БочкаревВ. Д.BochkarevV. D.

Владимир Д. Бочкарев

Саранск

Vladimir D. Bochkarev

Saransk

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9165-3634БочкаревД. В.BochkarevD. V.

Дмитрий В. Бочкарев 

Саранск

Dmitrii V. Bochkarev  

Saransk

https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8856-5595ДроздоваК. О.DrozdovaK. O.

Ксения О. Дроздова 

Саранск

Kseniya O. Drozdova

Saransk

Мордовский государственный университетNational Research Mordovia State University202421102024193132140Copyright © Никольский А.Н., Бочкарев В.Д., Бочкарев Д.В., Дроздова К.О., 20242024Никольский А.Н., Бочкарев В.Д., Бочкарев Д.В., Дроздова К.О.Nikolskii A.N., Bochkarev V.D., Bochkarev D.V., Drozdova K.O.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://ecodag.elpub.ru/ugro/article/view/3230

Цель – выявить хозяйственно‐значимые виды сегетальных растений агрофитоценозов Юга Нечерноземной зоны и оценить их динамику при изменении антропогенной нагрузки.

Исследование проведено методом анализа геоботанических описаний агрофитоценозов Юга Нечерноземной зоны. Видовое разнообразие хозяйственно‐значимых видов устанавливали в период экстенсивного земледелия (1929–1933 гг.), начала интенсификации (1936–1938 гг.), высокого уровня интенсификации (1981–1983 гг.), период снижения интенсивности земледелия (2012–2022 гг.).

На всех этапах исследовании высокое видовое разнообразие имели группы кормовых, лекарственных и медоносных растений. Установлено присутствие в агрофитоценозах отдельных представителей овощных, витаминных, инсектицидных и декоративных видов.

Изменения характера и степени антропогенной нагрузки на агрофитоценозы приводило к существенной трансформации видового состава и обилия представителей хозяйственно‐значимых групп. Наименьшее их число отмечалось в 80 гг. ХХ века. В настоящее время видовое разнообразие увеличилось в связи со снижением интенсивности земледелия в регионе.

Aim. To identify economically significant species of segetal plants of agrophytocenoses in the Southern Non‐Chernozem zone and assess their dynamics with changes in anthropogenic load.

The study was carried out by analysing geobotanical descriptions of agrophytocenoses in the Southern Non‐Chernozem Zone. The species diversity of economically important species was established during the period of extensive farming (1929–1933), the beginning of intensification (1936–1938), a high level of intensification (1981–1983), and a period of decreasing intensity of farming (2012–2022).

At all stages of the study, groups of forage, medicinal and honey plants were round to have a high species diversity. The presence of individual representatives of vegetable, vitamin, insecticidal and ornamental species in agrophytocenoses was established.

Changes in the nature and degree of anthropogenic pressure on agrophytocenoses has led to a significant transformation of species composition and abundance of representatives of economically significant groups. The smallest number of these was noted in the 1980s. Currently, species diversity has increased due to a decrease in the intensity of agriculture in the region.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.