ecodagЮг России: экология, развитиеSouth of Russia: ecology, development1992-10982413-0958State Institute of Applied Ecology of the Republic of Dagestan10.18470/1992-1098-2024-2-8ecodag-3152Research ArticleЭКОЛОГИЯECOLOGYХимический состав мышечной ткани рыб, выращенных в условиях аквакультуры Южного ВьетнамаChemical composition of muscle tissue of fish reared in the aquaculture of South Vietnamhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0478-4709ПаютаА. А.PayutaA. A.

Александра А. Паюта, к.б.н., научный сотрудник Научной лаборатории Экобиомониторинга и контроля качества

150003 , г. Ярославль, ул. Советская, 14

Тел. +79056389475

Aleksandra A. Payuta, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Researcher, Scientific Laboratory of Ecobiomonitoring and Quality Control

14 Sovetskaya St, Yaroslav, 150003

Tel. +79056389475

a.payuta@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0008-4565-7686ГульдинаД. А.GuldinaD. A.

Дарья А. Гульдина

150003 , г. Ярославль, ул. Советская, 14

Daria A. Guldina

14 Sovetskaya St, Yaroslav, 150003

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9745-6746ФлёроваЕ. А.FlerovaE. A.

Екатерина А. Флёрова

150003 , г. Ярославль, ул. Советская, 14

Ekaterina A. Flerova

14 Sovetskaya St, Yaroslav, 150003

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2517-4061ЛобусН. В.LobusN. V.

Николай В. Лобус

Москва

Nikolay V. Lobus

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4265-1173ЕвдокимовЕ. Г.EvdokimovE. G.

Евгений Г. Евдокимов

150003 , г. Ярославль, ул. Советская, 14

Evgeniy G. Evdokimov

14 Sovetskaya St, Yaroslav, 150003

Ярославский государственный университет им. П. Г. ДемидоваРоссияP.G. Demidov Yaroslavl State UniversityRussian FederationЯрославский государственный университет им. П.Г. ДемидоваРоссияP.G. Demidov Yaroslavl State UniversityRussian FederationИнститут физиологии растений им. К.А. Тимирязева РАНРоссияK.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation2024200720241928291Copyright © Паюта А.А., Гульдина Д.А., Флёрова Е.А., Лобус Н.В., Евдокимов Е.Г., 20242024Паюта А.А., Гульдина Д.А., Флёрова Е.А., Лобус Н.В., Евдокимов Е.Г.Payuta A.A., Guldina D.A., Flerova E.A., Lobus N.V., Evdokimov E.G.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://ecodag.elpub.ru/ugro/article/view/3152

Цель – изучение химического состава четырех видов ценных рыб, выращенных в условиях аквакультуры Южного Вьетнама.Особей полосатого змееголова Channa striata, карликового змееголова Channa gachua, нильской тиляпии Oreochromis niloticus и гибрида двух сомов Clarias gariepinus и Clarias macrocephalus приобрели на рынках у фермеров садковых хозяйств и непосредственно в самих хозяйствах провинции Кханьхоа. Рыб измеряли, взвешивали, после чего иссекали мышечную ткань для химического анализа. В ткани определяли содержание воды двухступенчатым методом определения влаги, липидов – методом обезжиренного остатка в аппарате Сокслета. Количество белка получали по принципу метода Кьельдаля с помощью полуавтоматической перегонной установки UDK 139 (Velp Scientifica, Италия, 2011 г.), минеральных веществ – гравиметрическим методом, углеводов – расчетным путем. Индекс физиологического состояния рассчитывали по стандартной методике.Мышцы гибрида сомов Clarias gariepinus и Clarias macrocephalus характеризуются наибольшей питательной ценностью. По содержанию липидов исследованные особи относятся к рыбам с низким содержанием жира, Channa striata – к категории нежирных рыб. Высокий индекс физиологического состояния у Oreochromis niloticus связан с повышенной обводненностью мышечной ткани. Не выявлено значимых различий в химическом составе мышц с увеличением размера тела рыб, лишь у Channa striata увеличивалась доля минеральных веществ.Полученные данные могут быть использованы при организации рационального кормления и содержания объектов аквакультуры.

To study the chemical composition of four species of valuable fish reared in aquaculture conditions in South Vietnam.Individuals of Channa striata, Channa gachua, Oreochromis niloticus, a hybrid of Clarias gariepinus and Clarias macrocephalus were purchased in markets from farmers of cage farms and directly in the farms of Khanh Hoa province. The fish were measured, weighed, and then muscle tissue was dissected for chemical analysis. The water content in the tissue was determined by a two‐stage method for determining moisture, while lipids were determined by the fat‐free residue method in a Soxhlet apparatus. The amount of protein was obtained according to the principle of the Kjeldahl method, using a semi‐automatic distillation unit UDK 139 (Velp Scientifica, Italy, 2011); minerals were determined by the gravimetric method, and carbohydrates – by calculation. The index of physiological state was calculated according to the standard method.Hybrid catfish muscles are characterised as having the greatest nutritional value. In terms of lipid content, the individuals studied belonged to fish with a low fat content, Channa striata, which belongs to the category of lean fish. A high index of physiological state in Oreochromis niloticus was found to be associated with increased water content in muscle tissue. No significant differences were found between the biochemical parameters in the muscles of fish with an increase in body size, and only in Channa striata did the proportion of minerals increase. The data obtained can be used in the organisation of rational feeding and maintenance of aquacultural species.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.