ecodagЮг России: экология, развитиеSouth of Russia: ecology, development1992-10982413-0958State Institute of Applied Ecology of the Republic of Dagestan10.18470/1992-1098-2024-1-8ecodag-3067Research ArticleЭКОЛОГИЯECOLOGYИсследование структурных параметров нефтяных кислот и оценка их экологической опасностиStudy of structural parameters of petroleum acids and analysis of their possible negative impact on the environmenthttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3288-095XИвановаЛ. В.IvanovaL. V.

Людмила В. Иванова - доктор химических наук, профессор, профессор кафедры органической химии и химии нефти.

119991 Москва, Ленинский проспект, д.65, корп.1. Тел. +74995078411

Ludmila V. Ivanova - Professor, Department of Organic Chemistry and Petroleum Chemistry.

65/1 Leninsky Ave, Moscow, 119991. Tel. +74995078411

ivanova.l@gubkin.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2284-6843СтоколосО. А.StokolosO. A.

Ольга А. Стоколос

Москва

Olga A. Stokolos

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1010-9584ДемиденкоЭ. С.DemidenkoE. S.

Элеонора С. Демиденко

Москва

Eleonora S. Demidenko

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5755-5291КошелеВ. Н.KoshelevV. N.

Владимир Н. Кошелев

Москва

Vladimir N. Koshelev

Moscow

Российский государственный университет нефти и газа (национальный исследовательский университет) имени И.М. ГубкинаI.M. Gubkina Russian State University of Oil and Gas (National Research University), Moscow, Russia Principal contact2024070420241917784Copyright © Иванова Л.В., Стоколос О.А., Демиденко Э.С., Кошеле В.Н., 20242024Иванова Л.В., Стоколос О.А., Демиденко Э.С., Кошеле В.Н.Ivanova L.V., Stokolos O.A., Demidenko E.S., Koshelev V.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://ecodag.elpub.ru/ugro/article/view/3067

Исследование структурных параметров нефтяных кислот, выделенных из нефти месторождения Приозерное и оценка их экологической опасности.

Объектом исследования являлись нефтяные кислоты, выделенные из нефти месторождения Приозерное. Исследования проводились с привлечением современных инструментальных методов: ИКС, ЯМР13С, ЯМР1Н, элементный анализ.

Подтверждена окисленность исследуемой нефти. Экстракцией дихлорметаном и последующим анализом органической вытяжки с помощью ИК Фурье‐спектрометрии доказано присутствие нефтяных кислот в водной фазе, что представляет серьезную угрозу живым организмам, обитающим в почве и природных водоемах данного региона. Установлены структурные параметры «средних» молекул нефтяных кислот, выделенных методом выщелачивания из трех дистиллятных фракций данной нефти. Установлено, что полученные продукты имеют молекулярную массу 294–574 а.е.м. и содержат от 20 до 40 атомов углерода, большая часть которых входит в состав нафтеновых структур. Наряду с нефтяными кислотами в состав продуктов выщелачивания входят неомыляемые компоненты.

Сравнение структурных параметров «средних» молекул продуктов, выделенных из фракций исследуемой нефти, с данными описанными в научной литературе позволяет квалифицировать кислоты, содержащиеся в нефти месторождения Приозерное, как вещества с повышенной токсичностью, что требует поиска путей решения проблемы обеспечения экологической безопасности данного региона.

Study of the structural parameters of petroleum acids isolated from oil from the Priozernoye field and analysis of their possible negative impact on the environment.

The object of the study is and naphthenic acids isolated from the oil of the Priozernoye field. The research was carried out using modern instrumental methods: gas‐liquid chromatography, IR‐spectroscopy, 13C NMR, 1H NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis.

The high degree of oxidation of the oil studied was confirmed. Extraction with dichloromethane and subsequent analysis of the organic extract using IR‐Fourier spectrometry proved that part of the petroleum acids entered the aqueous phase, which poses a serious threat to the biological diversity of this region. The structural parameters of “medium” molecules of petroleum acids isolated by leaching from three distillate fractions of this oil have been established. It is shown that the products isolated during leaching have a molecular weight of 294–574 amu and contain from 20 to 40 carbon atoms, most of which are part of the naphthenic structures. Along with petroleum acids, leaching products include hydrocarbons.

Comparison of the structural parameters of the products isolated from the fractions of the studied oil with the data in the scientific literature allows us to qualify the acids contained in the oil of the Priozernoye field as being substances with high toxicity, which requires finding ways to solve the problem of ensuring the environmental safety of this region.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.