ecodagЮг России: экология, развитиеSouth of Russia: ecology, development1992-10982413-0958State Institute of Applied Ecology of the Republic of Dagestan10.18470/1992-1098-2022-3-175-186ecodag-2589Research ArticleСЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННАЯ ЭКОЛОГИЯAGROCULTURAL ECOLOGYБиологические агенты и их метаболиты в борьбе с Meloidogyne spp. при выращивании овощных культур (обзор)Biological agents and their metabolites to control Meloidogyne spp. when growing vegetables (review)https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1429-4153ЧуриковаА. К.ChurikovaA. K.

Чурикова Арина К. - научный сотрудник ФНЦБЗР.

350039, Краснодарский край, Краснодар, п/о 39.

Тел. +79385005666

Arina K. Churikova - Researcher, Federal Research Centre of Biological Plant Protection.

p/o 39, Krasnodar, Krasnodar Krai, 350039.

Tel. +79385005666

arina.churikova98@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4217-3156НековальС. Н.NekovalS. N.

Нековаль Светлана Н.

Краснодар.

Svetlana N. Nekoval.

Krasnodar.

Федеральный научный центр биологической защиты растенийРоссияFederal Research Center of Biological Plant ProtectionRussian Federation202209102022173175186Copyright © Чурикова А.К., Нековаль С.Н., 20222022Чурикова А.К., Нековаль С.Н.Churikova A.K., Nekoval S.N.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://ecodag.elpub.ru/ugro/article/view/2589Цель

Цель. Анализ современных исследований по изучению эффективности грибов и бактерий‐антагонистов в отношении галловых нематод рода Meloidogyne на овощных культурах.

Материалы    и    методы

Материалы    и    методы.    Изучены    и    тщательно    проанализированы исследования российских и зарубежных ученых по применению биологических агентов и их метаболитов в борьбе с Meloidogyne spp. при выращивании овощных культур.

Результаты

Результаты. Описана вредоносность галловых нематод на овощных культурах. Обобщены исследования по наиболее патогенным видам Meloidogyne, в том числе распространенным на территории России. Приведены сведения и выделены особенности взаимоотношений растения‐хозяина и фитопаразитов. Дан анализ ассортимента химических и биологических нематицидов. Выявлена проблема нехватки эффективных экологически безопасных препаратов в борьбе с галловыми нематодами на овощах, в том числе перспектива применения биологических агентов. Собраны,  проанализированы,  систематизированы  и  раскрыты особенности проводимых исследований по изучению нематицидной активности биологических агентов и их метаболитов в борьбе с различными стадиями развития видов Meloidogyne. Обоснована перспектива изучения механизмов действия микроорганизмов в отношении галловых нематод с целью создания новых эффективных биологических нематицидов, позволяющих вырастить качественную и здоровую овощную продукцию.

Заключение

Заключение. Галловые  нематоды  (Meloidogyne  spp.) остаются актуальными вредителями для овощей, выращиваемых в почве. Среди ученых активно ведется работа по изучению грибов‐нематофагов и бактерий‐антагонистов для создания экологически безопасных биологических нематицидов. При грамотном применении биологические агенты и их метаболиты способствуют защите растений от фитопаразита на уровне химических нематицидов и оказывают дополнительное благоприятное воздействие на рост и развитие овощных культур.

Aim

Aim. Analysis of modern studies on the effectiveness of fungi and antagonist   bacteria   against   Meloidogyne   root‐knot   nematodes   on vegetable crops.

Materials and Methods

Materials and Methods. Studies of Russian and foreign scientists on the use of biological agents and their metabolites to control Meloidogyne spp. when growing vegetables have been carefully analysed.

Results

Results.   The   harmfulness   of   gall   nematodes   on   vegetable   crops   is described.  Studies  on  the  most  pathogenic  species  of  Meloidogyne, including those common in Russia, are summarised. Information is given regarding  features  of  the  relationship  between  the  host  plant  and phytoparasites are highlighted. An analysis of the range of chemical and biological nematicides is presented. The problem of the lack of effective environmentally friendly products able to control root‐knot nematodes on vegetables, including  the  prospect of using  biological agents, has  been identified.   The   features   of   ongoing   research   on   the   study   of   the nematicidal activity of biological agents and their metabolites to control various   stages   of   development   of   Meloidogyne   species   have   been collected, analysed, systematised and described. The prospect of studying the mechanisms of action of microorganisms against root‐knot nematodes is substantiated in order to create new effective biological nematicides that allow the growth of high‐quality and healthy vegetable products.

Conclusion

Conclusion. Gall nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) remain a current pest of soil‐grown  vegetables.  Scientists  are  actively  working  on  the  study  of nematophagous fungi and antagonist bacteria to create environmentally friendly  biological  nematicides.  With  proper  use,  biological  agents  and their metabolites can help protect plants from phytoparasites at the level of chemical nematicides and have an additional beneficial effect on the growth and development of vegetable crops.

 

 

Галловые нематодыMeloidogyne spp.нематицидынематофаговые грибыбактерии‐антагонистыметаболитымелойдогинозбиологическая защитаRoot‐knot nematodesMeloidogyne spp.nematicidesnematophagous fungiantagonist bacteriametabolitesmeloidogyne diseasebiological protectionИсследования выполнены согласно Государственному заданию Министерства науки и высшего образования РФ в рамках НИР по теме No FGRN‐2021‐0001 «Разработка технологий интегрированной защиты сельскохозяйственных культур с учетом иммунологических характеристик сорта. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.