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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ecodag</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Юг России: экология, развитие</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>South of Russia: ecology, development</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1992-1098</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-0958</issn><publisher><publisher-name>State Institute of Applied Ecology of the Republic of Dagestan</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18470/1992-1098-2022-1-62-79</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ecodag-2408</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ТОКСИКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ECOLOGICAL TOXICOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Изучение токсического действия трихотеценового микотоксина продуцента Fusarium sporotrichioides в опыте на свиньях</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Study of the toxic effect of trichothecene mycotoxin produced by Fusarium sporotrichioides in an experiment on pigs</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9279-4001</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Идиятов</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Idiyatov</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ильгиз И. Идиятов, кандидат биологических наук, заведующий отделением токсикологии</p><p>420075, г. Казань, Научный городок‐2Тел. +79274459046</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilgiz I. Idiyatov, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Head of the Department, Department of Toxicology</p><p>Nauchniy Gorodok‐2, Kazan, 420075Tel. +79274459046</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">idiyatov_ilgiz@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3184-7779</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кадиков</surname><given-names>И. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kadikov</surname><given-names>I. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ильнур Р. Кадиков</p><p>Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilnur R. Kadikov</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9815-1314</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саитов</surname><given-names>В. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saitov</surname><given-names>V. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вадим Р. Саитов</p><p>Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vadim R. Saitov</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4520-7596</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кашеваров</surname><given-names>Г. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kashevarov</surname><given-names>G. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Глеб С. Кашеваров</p><p>Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gleb S. Kashevarov</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2828-4354</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фицев</surname><given-names>И. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fitsev</surname><given-names>I. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Игорь М. Фицев</p><p>Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor M. Fitsev</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1706-134X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тремасова</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tremasova</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна М. Тремасова</p><p>Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna M. Tremasova</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7656-2208</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Перфилова</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Perfilova</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ксения В. Перфилова</p><p>Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ksenia V. Perfilova</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3928-4974</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сальникова</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Salnikova</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марина М. Сальникова</p><p>Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina M. Salnikova</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Федеральный центр токсикологической, радиационной и биологической безопасности»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan (Volga region) Federal University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>62</fpage><lpage>79</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Идиятов И.И., Кадиков И.Р., Саитов В.Р., Кашеваров Г.С., Фицев И.М., Тремасова А.М., Перфилова К.В., Сальникова М.М., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Идиятов И.И., Кадиков И.Р., Саитов В.Р., Кашеваров Г.С., Фицев И.М., Тремасова А.М., Перфилова К.В., Сальникова М.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Idiyatov I.I., Kadikov I.R., Saitov V.R., Kashevarov G.S., Fitsev I.M., Tremasova A.M., Perfilova K.V., Salnikova M.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ecodag.elpub.ru/ugro/article/view/2408">https://ecodag.elpub.ru/ugro/article/view/2408</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель. Оценить последствия длительного потребления свиньями корма, экспериментально контаминированного Т‐2 токсином в количестве, близком к наиболее часто обнаруживаемому в кормах.Материал и методы. Опыты проводили на свиньях, которым в течение 45 суток скармливали корм, контаминированный Т‐2 токсином в количестве 200 мкг/кг. В ходе эксперимента проводили оценку клинического состояния животных, потребления корма и воды, динамики живой массы, анализ показателей крови, состояния внутренних органов и тканей, статистическую обработку полученных данных общепринятыми методами.Результаты. Длительное потребление свиньями корма, контаминированного микотоксином Т‐2 не вызывало проявления выраженной клинической картины токсикоза. Однако у затравленных животных отмечалась диарея, отставание в росте и развитии. По результатам исследования крови было сделано заключение о подавлении токсином процесса кроветворения, ингибировании синтеза белка, снижении резистентности и микрофагоцитарной функции организма, нарушении обмена веществ, функционирования большинства органов и систем. Регистрировались патологические состояния и дегенеративные изменения клеток и тканей внутренних органов, опосредованные инициированием окислительного стресса, воспалительными процессами и цитотоксическим эффектом.Выводы. Потребление свиньями корма, контаминированного Т‐2 токсином в дозе 200 мкг/кг, сопровождалось нарушениями обменных процессов, функций органов и систем, проявляющихся снижением интенсивности роста, изменениями картины крови, активности ферментных систем, индуцированием окислительного стресса, иммуносупрессивными и воспалительными реакциями, патоморфологическими нарушениями. Таким образом, пероральное поступление Т‐2 токсина даже в малых концентрациях оказывает комплексное негативное воздействие на организм.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Aim. To assess the consequences of long‐term consumption by pigs of feed experimentally contaminated with T‐2 toxin in an amount close to the most commonly found in feed.Material and Methods. The experiments were carried out on pigs, which were fed food contaminated with T‐2 toxin in the amount of 200 mkg/kg for 45 days. During the experiment, the clinical condition of animals, feed and water consumption, the dynamics of live weight, analysis of blood parameters, the state of internal organs and tissues and statistical processing of the data obtained by conventional methods were undertaken.Results. Long‐term consumption of feed contaminated with mycotoxin T‐2 by pigs did not cause a pronounced clinical picture of toxicosis. However, the treated animals had diarrhea and lag in growth and development. According to the results of the blood test, it was concluded that the toxin suppressed the hematopoiesis process, inhibited protein synthesis, reduced resistance and microphagocytic function of the body, metabolic disorders and the functioning of most organs and systems. Pathological conditions and degenerative changes of cells and tissues of internal organs were recorded and mediated by the initiation of oxidative stress, inflammatory processes and cytotoxic effect.Conclusions. The consumption of feed contaminated with T‐2 toxin in a dose of 200 mkg /kg by pigs was accompanied by disturbances of metabolic processes, functions of organs and systems, manifested by a decrease in growth intensity, changes in the blood picture, activity of enzyme systems, induction of oxidative stress, immunosuppressive and inflammatory reactions and pathomorphological disorders. Thus, the oral intake of T‐2 toxin, even in small concentrations, was found to have a complex negative effect on the body.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Fusarium sporotrichioides</kwd><kwd>Т‐2 токсин</kwd><kwd>свиньи</kwd><kwd>токсичность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Fusarium sporotrichioides</kwd><kwd>T‐2 toxin</kwd><kwd>pigs</kwd><kwd>toxicity</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Часть работы выполнена в рамках реализации гранта МК‐1582.2020.11 (соглашение № 075‐15‐2020‐225 от 27.04.2020), с привлечением оборудования, приобретенного при поддержке Совета по грантам Президента Российской Федерации для государственной поддержки молодых российских ученых и по государственной поддержке ведущих научных школ Российской Федерации.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Part of the work was carried out as part of the implementation of grant MK‐1582.2020.11 (Agreement No. 075‐15‐2020‐225 dated 04/27/20), with the involvement of equipment purchased with the support of the Presidential Grants Council of the Russian Federation for state support of young Russian scientists and state support of leading scientific schools of the Russian Federation.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bryden W.L. 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