ecodagЮг России: экология, развитиеSouth of Russia: ecology, development1992-10982413-0958State Institute of Applied Ecology of the Republic of Dagestan10.18470/1992-1098-2019-3-92-100ecodag-1705Research ArticleМЕТОДЫ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH METHODSСовременное использование и перспективы метода  стабильных изотопов для изучения циркуляции вируса  гриппа птиц A с мигрирующими птицамиModern application and prospects of the stable isotopes  method for studying avian influenza A virus transmission   in migratory birdsДрузякаО. Р.DruzyakaO. R.ДрузякаА. В.DruzyakaA. V.https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3945-5339ГуляеваМ. А.GulyaevaM. A.

30117 Россия, г. Новосибирск, ул. Тимакова, 2; 630090 Россия, г. Новосибирск,  ул. Пирогова, 2

2 Pirogova St, Novosibirsk,  Russia 630090; 2 Timakova St, Novosibirsk, Russia  30117

mgulyaeva@gmail.comХюттманнФ.HuettmannF.

Fairbanks, Alaska

ШестопаловА. М.ShestopalovA. M.Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университетРоссияNational Research Tomsk State UniversityRussian FederationИнститут систематики и экологии животныхРоссияInstitute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals; Novosibirsk State UniversityRussian FederationНовосибирский государственный университет; Федеральный  исследовательский центр фундаментальной и трансляционной медициныРоссияNovosibirsk State University; Federal Research Centre of Fundamental and  Translational MedicineRussian FederationУниверситет Аляски ФэрбенксРоссияUniversity of Alaska FairbanksRussian FederationФедеральный исследовательский центр фундаментальной и трансляционной медициныРоссияFederal Research Centre of Fundamental and Translational MedicineRussian Federation20191010201914392100Copyright © Друзяка О.Р., Друзяка А.В., Гуляева М.А., Хюттманн Ф., Шестопалов А.М., 20192019Друзяка О.Р., Друзяка А.В., Гуляева М.А., Хюттманн Ф., Шестопалов А.М.Druzyaka O.R., Druzyaka A.V., Gulyaeva M.A., Huettmann F., Shestopalov A.M.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://ecodag.elpub.ru/ugro/article/view/1705Цель

Цель. Трансмиссия патогенов – глобальное биологическое явление, тесно связанное с миграциями птиц. Анализ проводился с целью понимания и оценки  перспективы применения метода стабильных изотопов (SIA) для изучения циркуляции вируса гриппа птиц А с мигрирующими птицами. 

 Обсуждение

 Обсуждение. Недостаточное количество данных о расстоянии миграции инфицированных птиц и их межпопуляционных связях оставляет открытым вопрос  передачи высокопатогенного вируса гриппа (ВПВГ) в популяции диких птиц.  Более глубокое изучение роли миграций в распространении ВПВГ, возможно ,  позволит эффективнее исследовать передачу вирусного патогена между особями на миграционных остановках и уточнит глобальные миграционные маршруты. Новые методические подходы позволяют получать более полное представление о географии и фенологии миграций, и последствиях миграционного поведения для биологии видов. Изучение количественной составляющей миграционных потоков, представляется более перспективным на основе анализа содержания стабильных изотопов (SIA) в тканях птиц. Данный метод используется  для решения различных экологических задач, в том числе и изучения миграций  животных. 

Заключение

Заключение. На основании литературных данных показано, что SIA перспективен для уточнения миграционных маршрутов птиц и количественной оценки их  интенсивности. Разрешающей способности метода достаточно для определения  миграционных путей носителей вирусных патогенов в масштабах зоогеографических подобластей и подробнее . Однако к настоящему моменту таких исследований немного, а на территории России их вовсе не проводилось. Возможно,  расширение  использования  метода  SIA  выявит  новые  пути  распространения  вирусных инфекций птиц.  

Aim

Aim. The circulation and transmission of pathogens is a global biological phenomenon that is closely associated with bird migration. This analysis was carried out with  the aim of understanding and assessing the prospects of using the stable isotope  method to study the circulation and transmission of the avian influenza A virus via  migratory birds. 

Discussion

Discussion. Insufficient data on the distances of migration of infected birds and their  interpopulational relationships leaves open the question of the transmission of highly pathogenic influenza viruses (HSV) in the wild bird population. A deeper study of  the role of migrations in the spread of HSV may possibly allow the more effective  investigation of the transmission of the viral pathogen between individuals at migration stopover sites and the clarification of global migration routes. New methodological approaches are providing a more complete picture of the geography and phenology of migrations, as well as of the consequences of migratory behavior for species biology. The study of the quantitative component of migratory flows based on  the analysis of the content of stable isotopes (SIMS) in bird tissues seems very promising. This method is being applied to the solution of various environmental issues,  including the study of animal migrations.   

Conclusion

Conclusion. Based on data from the scientific literature, it is shown that SIMS is  promising for the clarification of bird migration routes and the quantification of their  intensity. The resolving power of the method is sufficient to determine the migration  pathways of carriers of viral pathogens on the scale of zoogeographic subdomains  and in even further detail. However, to date, there have been few such studies: in  Russia they have not been conducted at all. The increased use of the SIMS methodology may possibly reveal new ways in which viral infections are spread via birds.  

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.